The famous Lewis chess pieces are now on display from a new perspective at the National Museum of Scotland.
As some of the most recognized objects in Scotland’s most popular visitor attraction, ten of the medieval chess pieces have been placed in a new case that enables visitors to see their backs for the first time.
The chess pieces, made from walrus ivory and sperm whale teeth, showcase a variety of expressions. Among them is the wide-eyed ‘Berserker,’ who bites his shield, and a Queen who rests her chin on her hand with a rather fed-up look. These carved figures are well-known for their distinctive expressions, but the details on their backs are equally captivating. The thrones feature intricate carvings of vine scrolls and interlacing patterns, while the hair of some figures cascades down their backs in stylized ringlets.
From 31 October, the chess pieces have been redisplayed with new lighting, a revamped layout, and refreshing interpretations. They are now prominently positioned at the entrance to the Kingdom of the Scots gallery and can also be viewed from the adjacent Hawthornden Court.
Dr Alice Blackwell, Senior Curator of Medieval Archaeology and History at National Museums Scotland said:
“The Lewis chess pieces are much loved thanks in part to their iconic expressions and poses, however these are objects which were designed to be appreciated from all angles. After all, each player sees the backs of their own pieces. The carver has really gone to town on the throne backs in particular, with entwined tendrils and knotwork that are really sumptuous compared to the simpler fronts. I’m delighted that visitors to the National Museum of Scotland will now have the chance to get to know these charming characters in the round.”
The chess pieces in the collection of National Museums Scotland are part of a significant hoard discovered in Lewis in the early 19th century. These pieces provide intriguing insights into the growing popularity of chess in medieval Europe and highlight the international connections of western Scotland during that time. The hoard consists of a total of 93 gaming pieces, which include at least four chess sets as well as pieces from other games.
National Museums Scotland holds eleven of these pieces, while the remaining 82 are housed in the British Museum, six of which are on loan to Museum nan Eilean in Lewis. The pieces were likely crafted around the year 1200 in Norway. During this period, Lewis was part of the Norse-Gaelic Kingdom of the Isles, which covered the islands and coastal regions of western Scotland, as well as the Isle of Man. The region experienced significant Scandinavian influence, with Norway controlling the kingdom at various times.
It remains unclear who buried these pieces or why. One possibility is that they belonged to a merchant travelling from Scandinavia to Scotland, Ireland, or the Isle of Man to sell these valuable playing sets. However, given that Lewis was home to influential individuals with strong ties to Norway, it is also possible that the pieces were the cherished possessions of a local magnate, bishop, or another prominent figure.
