20 April 1644: After seizing the town of Dumfries for Charles I with a force of English Royalists on 15 April, James Graham, Earl of Montrose was forced to withdraw back into England when confronted by Covenanter troops led by James Livingston, Earl of Callendar. Montrose would later return to Scotland as a marquis and raise the royal standard at Blair Atholl in August 1644, beginning a bitter civil conflict.